{"id":7306,"date":"2021-04-16T18:49:02","date_gmt":"2021-04-16T15:49:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/unsallaw.com\/?p=7306"},"modified":"2021-04-16T19:42:57","modified_gmt":"2021-04-16T16:42:57","slug":"turkiyenin-ilk-kripto-para-duzenlemesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/unsallaw.com\/tr\/turkiyenin-ilk-kripto-para-duzenlemesi\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin ilk kripto para d\u00fczenlemesi geldi: \u0130\u00e7inde g\u00f6r\u00fcnenden fazlas\u0131 gizli"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>16 Nisan 2021 tarihli Resmi Gazete\u2019de T.C. Merkez Bankas\u0131 (&#8220;TCMB&#8221;) taraf\u0131ndan \u00d6demelerde Kripto Varl\u0131klar\u0131n Kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131na Dair Y\u00f6netmelik (&#8220;Y\u00f6netmelik&#8221;) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.resmigazete.gov.tr\/eskiler\/2021\/04\/20210416-4.htm\" title=\"\u00d6DEMELERDE KR\u0130PTO VARLIKLARIN KULLANILMAMASINA DA\u0130R Y\u00d6NETMEL\u0130K\" rel=\"dofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">yay\u0131mland\u0131<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h5>Kripto Varl\u0131klarda Yeni D\u00fczenleme<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:10px;\"><strong>Y\u00f6netmelik, kripto varl\u0131k al\u0131m-sat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yasaklamamaktad\u0131r.<\/strong> Yani kullan\u0131c\u0131lar, <a href=\"https:\/\/unsallaw.com\/blockchain-smart-contracts-cryptocurrency\/\" title=\"Blockchain, Smart Contracts, Cryptocurrency legislation in Turkey\">kripto varl\u0131k al\u0131m-sat\u0131mlar\u0131na<\/a> devam edebilecektir.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:10px;\"><strong>Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin Gerek\u00e7esi:<\/strong> TCMB, bu Y\u00f6netmelik ile ilgili <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tcmb.gov.tr\/wps\/wcm\/connect\/TR\/TCMB+TR\/Main+Menu\/Duyurular\/Basin\/2021\/DUY2021-17\" title=\"\u00d6demeler Alan\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Bas\u0131n Duyurusu\n\" rel=\"dofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 duyuruda<\/a>, bu Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin yay\u0131nlanma gerek\u00e7esini \u015fu \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<br \/>\n\t<em>&#8220;Kripto varl\u0131klar herhangi bir d\u00fczenleme ve denetim mekanizmas\u0131na tabi olmamas\u0131, merkezi bir muhatab\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131, piyasa de\u011ferlerinin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 oynakl\u0131k g\u00f6stermesi, anonim yap\u0131lar\u0131 nedeniyle yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 faaliyetlerde kullan\u0131labilmesi, c\u00fczdanlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131nabilmesi veya sahiplerinin bilgileri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda usuls\u00fcz olarak kullan\u0131labilmesi ile i\u015flemlerin geri d\u00f6n\u00fclemez nitelikte olmas\u0131 gibi nedenlerle ilgili taraflar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli riskler bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\n\tSon d\u00f6nemde, s\u00f6z konusu varl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6demeler alan\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00e7e\u015fitli giri\u015fimlerin olu\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlenmi\u015ftir. Bu varl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6demelerde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n, yukar\u0131da bahsedilen sebeplerle i\u015flemin taraflar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan telafisi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan ma\u011fduriyetler yaratma ihtimali bulundu\u011fu ve bu alanda mevcutta kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntem ve ara\u00e7lara kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fcven zaafiyeti meydana getirebilecek unsurlar i\u00e7erdi\u011fi de\u011ferlendirilmektedir.&#8221;<\/em><\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:10px;\"><strong>Kripto Varl\u0131k Tan\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong> T\u00fcrk mevzuat\u0131nda ilk kez &#8220;kripto varl\u0131k&#8221; bu Y\u00f6netmelik\u2019te tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu tan\u0131ma g\u00f6re kripto varl\u0131klar, &#8220;da\u011f\u0131t\u0131k defter teknolojisi veya benzer bir teknoloji kullan\u0131larak sanal olarak olu\u015fturulup dijital a\u011flar \u00fczerinden da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lan, ancak itibari para, kaydi para, elektronik para, \u00f6deme arac\u0131, menkul k\u0131ymet veya di\u011fer sermaye piyasas\u0131 arac\u0131 olarak nitelendirilmeyen gayri maddi varl\u0131klar&#8221;d\u0131r.<br \/>\n\tBu tan\u0131m\u0131n sadece ilgili Y\u00f6netmelik i\u00e7in mi ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu; yoksa T\u00fcrk mevzuat\u0131nda \u2018kripto varl\u0131k\u2019\u0131n genel tan\u0131m\u0131 m\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131 hususu belli de\u011fildir. Ancak yap\u0131lan bu tan\u0131mda, kripto varl\u0131klar\u0131n <strong>herhangi bir \u015fekilde itibari para, kaydi para, elektronik para, \u00f6deme arac\u0131, menkul k\u0131ymet veya di\u011fer sermaye piyasas\u0131 arac\u0131 olarak nitelendirilmemesi<\/strong> olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir.<br \/>\n\t\u00d6nemli bir ayr\u0131nt\u0131 olarak, bu tan\u0131m, <strong>&#8220;emtia&#8221; hukuki stat\u00fcs\u00fc d\u0131\u015far\u0131da b\u0131rakmamaktad\u0131r.<\/strong> Bu da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki kurumlar\u0131n \u00f6zellikle belli tip kripto varl\u0131klar\u0131 emtia olarak de\u011ferlendirebilece\u011fi ihtimalini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\n\tBu tan\u0131m \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, stabil kripto varl\u0131klar\u0131n yap\u0131lar\u0131 itibar\u0131yla elektronik para olarak de\u011ferlendirip de\u011ferlendirilmeyece\u011fi tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 da hen\u00fcz netlik kazanm\u0131\u015f de\u011fildir.<br \/>\n\tBu t\u00fcr belirsizliklerin TCMB ve SPK taraf\u0131ndan netli\u011fe kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131 beklenmektedir.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:10px;\"><strong>Kripto Varl\u0131kla \u00d6deme Yap\u0131lma Yasa\u011f\u0131:<\/strong> Kripto varl\u0131klar ile do\u011frudan veya dolayl\u0131 olarak \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca kripto varl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6demelerde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik hizmet de sunulamayacakt\u0131r.<br \/>\n\tY\u00f6netmelik veya Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 6493 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun, &#8220;\u00f6demeler&#8221; ifadesini tan\u0131mlamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kanun\u2019da &#8220;\u00f6deme i\u015flemi&#8221;, g\u00f6nderen veya al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n talimat\u0131 \u00fczerine ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen fon yat\u0131rma, aktarma veya \u00e7ekme faaliyeti olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015fsa da, burada kastedilen \u00f6deme ifadesini tam olarak kar\u015f\u0131lay\u0131p kar\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 net de\u011fildir. Ancak anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar\u0131yla, bir hizmet veya \u00fcr\u00fcn i\u00e7in kripto varl\u0131kla \u00f6deme yap\u0131lamayacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:10px;\"><strong>\u00d6deme ve Elektronik Para Kurulu\u015flar\u0131n Hizmet Verme Yasa\u011f\u0131:<\/strong> \u00d6deme ve elektronik para kurulu\u015flar\u0131, kripto varl\u0131klara ili\u015fkin al\u0131m sat\u0131m, saklama, transfer veya ihra\u00e7 hizmeti sunan platformlara veya bu platformlardan yap\u0131lacak fon aktar\u0131mlar\u0131na arac\u0131l\u0131k edemeyecektir.<br \/>\n\tBu maddeden anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar\u0131yla, <a href=\"https:\/\/tcmb.gov.tr\/wps\/wcm\/connect\/TR\/TCMB+TR\/Main+Menu\/Temel+Faaliyetler\/Odeme+Hizmetleri\/Odeme+Kuruluslari\" title=\"T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankas\u0131: Aktif \u00d6deme Kurulu\u015flar\u0131\" rel=\"dofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u00f6deme kurulu\u015fu listesindeki i\u015fletmeler<\/a> ve <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tcmb.gov.tr\/wps\/wcm\/connect\/TR\/TCMB+TR\/Main+Menu\/Temel+Faaliyetler\/Odeme+Hizmetleri\/Elektronik+Para+Kuruluslari\" title=\"T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankas\u0131: Aktif Elektronik Para Kurulu\u015flar\u0131\" rel=\"dofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">elektronik para kurulu\u015fu listesindeki i\u015fletmeler<\/a> kripto varl\u0131k borsalar\u0131na ve kripto varl\u0131k ihra\u00e7\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na bundan sonra <strong>para aktar\u0131m hizmeti veremeyecektir<\/strong>. Yani kullan\u0131c\u0131lar, kripto varl\u0131k borsalar\u0131ndaki hesaplar\u0131na, \u00f6deme ve elektronik para kurulu\u015fundaki hesaplar\u0131ndan para aktarmayacakt\u0131r. Ancak bu yasak, bankalar i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir. Bu sayede kullan\u0131c\u0131lar, banka hesaplar\u0131 \u00fczerinden <a href=\"https:\/\/unsallaw.com\/corporate-capital-markets-compliance\/\" title=\"Corporate, Capital Markets &#038; Compliance legislation in Turkey\">kripto varl\u0131k borsalar\u0131ndaki<\/a> hesaplar\u0131na para aktarmaya devam edebilecektir.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:10px;\"><strong>Banka ve \u00d6deme ve Elektronik Para Kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130\u015f Modeli Geli\u015ftirme Yasa\u011f\u0131:<\/strong> Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fe g\u00f6re; \u00f6deme hizmeti sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, \u00f6deme hizmetlerinin sunulmas\u0131nda ve elektronik para ihrac\u0131nda kripto varl\u0131klar\u0131n do\u011frudan veya dolayl\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 bir \u015fekilde i\u015f modelleri geli\u015ftiremeyecek ve bu t\u00fcr i\u015f modellerine ili\u015fkin herhangi bir hizmet sunamayacakt\u0131r.<br \/>\n\tBu madde bankalar\u0131 da ilgilendirmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc 6493 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun madde 13\u2019e g\u00f6re \u00f6deme hizmeti sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00f6deme kurulu\u015flar\u0131, elektronik para kurulu\u015flar\u0131, bankalar ve Posta ve Telgraf Te\u015fkilat\u0131 Anonim \u015eirketi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu maddeyle, hem \u00f6deme ve elektronik para kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n hem bankalar\u0131n \u00f6deme hizmeti veya elektronik para ihrac\u0131 s\u00fcresince kripto varl\u0131klar\u0131n kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 i\u015f modelleri geli\u015ftirmesi yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li style=\"margin-bottom:10px;\"><strong>Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin Y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fck Tarihi:<\/strong> Y\u00f6netmelik 30 Nisan 2021 tarihinde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girecektir.<br \/>\n\tBir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle burada bahsedilen hususlar, 30 Nisan 2021 tarihinden itibaren ge\u00e7erli olacakt\u0131r. Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin, genel olarak kripto varl\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn yerle\u015fmi\u015f al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 aniden de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi sebebiyle, olduk\u00e7a k\u0131sa olsa da 15 g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir uyum s\u00fcresi verdi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>16 Nisan 2021 tarihli Resmi Gazete\u2019de T.C. Merkez Bankas\u0131 (&#8220;TCMB&#8221;) taraf\u0131ndan \u00d6demelerde Kripto Varl\u0131klar\u0131n Kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131na Dair Y\u00f6netmelik (&#8220;Y\u00f6netmelik&#8221;) yay\u0131mland\u0131. Kripto Varl\u0131klarda Yeni D\u00fczenleme Y\u00f6netmelik, kripto varl\u0131k al\u0131m-sat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yasaklamamaktad\u0131r. Yani kullan\u0131c\u0131lar,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7286,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[113],"tags":[187,185,186,184,189,188],"class_list":{"0":"post-7306","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-hukuk","8":"tag-bitcoin-odeme-sistemleri","9":"tag-blokzincir","10":"tag-kripto-odeme-sistemleri","11":"tag-kriptopara","12":"tag-kriptopara-hukuku","13":"tag-turkiyede-kriptoparalar"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/unsallaw.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7306","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/unsallaw.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/unsallaw.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unsallaw.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unsallaw.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7306"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/unsallaw.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7306\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7309,"href":"https:\/\/unsallaw.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7306\/revisions\/7309"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unsallaw.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7286"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/unsallaw.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7306"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unsallaw.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7306"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unsallaw.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7306"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}